Tuesday, April 30, 2019

The Round Building at Mid Century

The modern resurgence of the round building probably started at the 1958 World's Fair in Brussels Belgium– Expo 58. Edward Durell Stone designed the United States Pavillon.




A few years later, in 1964 Stone also did the Beckman Auditorium at Caltech in Pasadena, California.



During the Mid 60s the round building became more common.










    LA Forum,Los Angeles, California, Charles Luckman, 1967.







      Famous Barr (now Macy's), Northwest Plaza, St. Ann, 
      Missouri, c.1965.







   Phoenix Financial Center, Phoenix, Arizona, 
   Wenceslao Sarmiento, 1964.





    Bank of Commerce, Seattle Washington, 1968.





   Western Savings at Metrocenter(now Souper Salad), 
   Phoenix, Arizona, 1974.


Busch Memorial Stadium was built from 1964-66 and then demolished in 2005. Edward Durell Stone designed the 96-arch "Crown of Arches." The stadium was a good example of the ubiquitous multi sport donut hole.




















                                         
Millennium Hotel Tower I (Stouffer's 
Riverfront Inn, Regal Riverfront Hotel),
1968 St. Louis, Missouri.

  


The restaurants at the top of large round buildings revolved very slowly. You barely noticed any difference in the view. For a significant rotation between the first and second course of your over priced meal, a tower with a smaller circumference was the place to go. The revolving restaurant became the rage after the Seattle Space Needle opened 1962 for the Seattle Worlds Fair.



In the Space Needle, a complete rotation takes only 47 minutes. It is the oldest operating revolving restaurant in the world.

The slanted widows in towers gave a much better panorama to enhance the dining experience.


The Heinrich Hertz Tower, Hamburg, Germany. 1968.


Modern technology has decreased the size of the metal panels for a less obstructed view.




















Eye of the Needle Restaurant (now Sky City) at the Seattle Space Needle.

Probably the most iconic mid-century round building is the Capitol Records Building (Capitol Records Tower), 1956, 


               Capitol Records Tower,Vine Street, Los Angeles 
               California, 1956.  


Several round buildings were originally Holiday Inns.











Angeleno Hotel, Los Angeles CA, 1970. Originally a Holiday Inn. The 405 Freeway is in the foreground and the Getty Museum is on the hill.




         
Raleigh NC, 1969. Originally a Holiday Inn, then a Clarion Hotel, and now it is the Holiday Inn Raleigh Downtown. 




                  
                      Syracuse, New York





                      
                      Tallahassee, Florida, c.1968









                       Holiday Inn, Long Beach CA, 1969.


Sometimes the round building had  large projecting curved forms.



 Radisson Riverfront, Covington, Kentucky, 1970. 





                    Carillon Tower, San Francisco CA, 1964






              Marina City, Chicago, Illinois, 
              Bertrand Goldberg, 1967.








Detail of round balconies at Marina City.


Probably the isolated single round building has had its day for a while. It seems to have been replaced with buildings with complex curves, unusual shapes, or attached to more conventional rectangular structures.


   IAC Building, 555 West 18th Street NYC, Frank Gehry 2007.
   Jean Nouvel's 100 Eleventh Avenue (behind and to the left), 2010.




Galaxy SOHO,  Beijing, China, Zaha Hadid 2009 – 2012.
                              
                                    




   Oracle Corporation, Redwood Shores CA c.? 2001.


The round building has a long track record. The yurt on the steppes of Central Asia has been used for over 3.000 years. 





















A yurt in Mongolia.



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